The heart of the child is softened and tolerant for the parents. This is why the father of Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him), despite being an enemy of Allah, first prayed for his father. Then, when he realized that his father was an enemy of God, he severed ties with him.
This has become clear in Surah At-Taubah. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): “And Ibrahim sought forgiveness of his father only because of that promise; Which he did with her. But when it became clear to him that he was an enemy of God, he severed ties with him. Abraham was a man of tender heart and tolerant.”
Narrated from Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Masood (may Allah be pleased with him) he said, ‘I asked the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). Which is the best deed in the sight of God? He said, ‘Pray on time.’ I said, ‘Then which one? He said, ‘Then get along well with your parents.’ (Bukhari)
Good behavior with parents is the best possession for the child. If neither parent survives, what is to be done about childbearing? The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) determined that. It has been narrated in the hadith-
Narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira Radiyallahu Anhu, he said that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, ‘Allaah will increase the status of any of His righteous servants in Paradise. The servant will then say, O my Lord! Where did all this (dignity) come from for me and for what reason?
Then Allaah will say, ‘Because your child has asked forgiveness for you (your dignity has been enhanced). (Musnad Ahmad)
In the above-mentioned hadith, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) has mentioned the virtue of the child’s prayer. So that all the children of the world may pray for their dead parents.
Dua for forgiveness for Parents:
Allaah has instructed in various places in the Qur’an al-Kareem the method and instruction to be kind to parents, to behave well & to pray. And that is the dua-

رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرً
Transliteration: ‘Rabbir Hamhuma Kama Rabbayani Sagira.’
Translation: O our Lord! Have mercy on them both; The way they raised me in my childhood. (Surah Bani Israel: verse 24)
Dua for mercy for Dead Parents:
How to treat our parents who have taken care of us with so much effort? In the Quran and hadith, there are many verses in this regard. The verses teach us how we should treat our parents, dua/prayers for dead parents, and related other virtues.
In another verse Allah says:
رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيَّ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الْحِسَابُ
Transliteration: Rabbanagfirli wale waledaiya wa lil mu’minina yaoma ya qbumul hisab. (Surah Ibrahim: 41)
Translation: Our Lord, forgive me, my parents, and all the believers on the day when the reckoning will be established.
رَّبِّ ٱغۡفِرۡ لِي وَلِوَٰلِدَيَّ وَلِمَن دَخَلَ بَيۡتِيَ مُؤۡمِنٗا وَلِلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِۖ وَلَا تَزِدِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ إِلَّا تَبَارَۢ
Transliteration: Rabbirgfili oliwa-lidaiya oliman dakhla baitia mu-minano olil mu-minina all mu mina-ti; Ala-tazidiz joa-limina illa-taba-ra.
Translation: O, my Lord! Forgive me, my parents, whoever enters my house as a believer, and the believing men and believing women, and do not increase the wrongdoers except in destruction. (Surah Nuh: 28)
Also you can read: Best Dua for Forgiveness.
Dua to increase blessings for Parents and gratefulness:
رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَعَلَىٰ وَالِدَيَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَالِحًا تَرْضَاهُ وَأَدْخِلْنِي بِرَحْمَتِكَ فِي عِبَادِكَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Transliteration: Rabbi awzi’ni an asykura ni’matikal-lati an’amta ‘alayya wa ‘ala walidayya wa an a’mala salihan tardhahu wa adkhilni birahmatika fi ibādikas-soliheen.
Translation: My Lord, inspire me to (always) be thankful for the blessings You have granted me and my parents, and to do good deeds that please You; admit me by Your grace into the ranks of Your righteous servants (Surah An-Naml, 19)
May Allaah grant the Muslim Ummah the Tawfeeq to take advantage of their living parents. And give tawfiq of forgiveness for the dead parents. May Allah accept the highest place of Paradise for them. Amen.
please would request for a slight correction in the phantomatic translation of dua /aya in english (seems a typo mistake): Rabbi Hamhuma
the last alphabet “bi” need to join with “r” before “hamhuma” that is missing
correction would be in the start part: Rabbi rhamhuma
this can be also written by joining last “bi” with “r”:
Rabbir Humhuma Kama Rabba Yaani Sagheera
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